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Welcome to one of the world's best math flash cards websites! Math teacher resources for every grade. Click on one of the math flash cards to practice addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division math facts. Then, just type in the answer. If your answer is correct, the math flash card will change color. If it doesn't change color use BACKSPACE to erase the answer and try again. Click on the card or press the ENTER key to flip it.
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Kindergarten, first grade through fifth grade math facts, sixth through eighth grade math review. see Pre-Algebra Equations and Geometry for seventh grade math and eight grade math, Fractions and Decimals for sixth grade math.
Package | Top Level |
Class | public final class Math |
Inheritance | Math Object |
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
The Math class contains methods and constants that represent common mathematical functions and values.
Use the methods and properties of this class to access and manipulate mathematical constants and functions. All the properties and methods of the Math class are static and must be called using the syntax Math.method(
parameter
)
or Math.constant
. In ActionScript, constants are defined with the maximum precision of double-precision IEEE-754 floating-point numbers.
Several Math class methods use the measure of an angle in radians as a parameter. You can use the following equation to calculate radian values before calling the method and then provide the calculated value as the parameter, or you can provide the entire right side of the equation (with the angle's measure in degrees in place of degrees
) as the radian parameter.
To calculate a radian value, use the following formula:
To calculate degrees from radians, use the following formula:
The following is an example of passing the equation as a parameter to calculate the sine of a 45° angle:
Math.sin(45 * Math.PI/180)
is the same as Math.sin(.7854)
Note: The Math functions acos, asin, atan, atan2, cos, exp, log, pow, sin, and sqrt may result in slightly different values depending on the algorithms used by the CPU or operating system. Flash runtimes call on the CPU (or operating system if the CPU doesn't support floating point calculations) when performing the calculations for the listed functions, and results have shown slight variations depending upon the CPU or operating system in use.
More examples
Property | Defined By |
---|
constructor : Object A reference to the class object or constructor function for a given object instance. | Object |
Method | Defined By |
---|
[static] Computes and returns an absolute value for the number specified by the parameter val. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the arc cosine of the number specified in the parameter val, in radians. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the arc sine for the number specified in the parameter val, in radians. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the value, in radians, of the angle whose tangent is specified in the parameter val. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the angle of the point y/x in radians, when measured counterclockwise from a circle's x axis (where 0,0 represents the center of the circle). | Math |
[static] Returns the ceiling of the specified number or expression. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the cosine of the specified angle in radians. | Math |
[static] Returns the value of the base of the natural logarithm (e), to the power of the exponent specified in the parameter x. | Math |
[static] Returns the floor of the number or expression specified in the parameter val. | Math |
Indicates whether an object has a specified property defined. | Object |
Indicates whether an instance of the Object class is in the prototype chain of the object specified as the parameter. | Object |
[static] Returns the natural logarithm of the parameter val. | Math |
[static] Evaluates val1 and val2 (or more values) and returns the largest value. | Math |
[static] Evaluates val1 and val2 (or more values) and returns the smallest value. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns base to the power of pow. | Math |
Indicates whether the specified property exists and is enumerable. | Object |
[static] Returns a pseudo-random number n, where 0 <= n < 1. | Math |
[static] Rounds the value of the parameter val up or down to the nearest integer and returns the value. | Math |
setPropertyIsEnumerable(name:String, isEnum:Boolean = true):void Sets the availability of a dynamic property for loop operations. | Object |
[static] Computes and returns the sine of the specified angle in radians. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the square root of the specified number. | Math |
[static] Computes and returns the tangent of the specified angle. | Math |
Returns the string representation of this object, formatted according to locale-specific conventions. | Object |
Returns the string representation of the specified object. | Object |
Returns the primitive value of the specified object. | Object |
Constant | Defined By |
---|
E : Number = 2.71828182845905 [static] A mathematical constant for the base of natural logarithms, expressed as e. | Math |
LN10 : Number = 2.302585092994046 [static] A mathematical constant for the natural logarithm of 10, expressed as loge10, with an approximate value of 2.302585092994046. | Math |
LN2 : Number = 0.6931471805599453 [static] A mathematical constant for the natural logarithm of 2, expressed as loge2, with an approximate value of 0.6931471805599453. | Math |
LOG10E : Number = 0.4342944819032518 [static] A mathematical constant for the base-10 logarithm of the constant e (Math.E), expressed as log10e, with an approximate value of 0.4342944819032518. | Math |
LOG2E : Number = 1.442695040888963387 [static] A mathematical constant for the base-2 logarithm of the constant e, expressed as log2e, with an approximate value of 1.442695040888963387. | Math |
PI : Number = 3.141592653589793 [static] A mathematical constant for the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, expressed as pi, with a value of 3.141592653589793. | Math |
SQRT1_2 : Number = 0.7071067811865476 [static] A mathematical constant for the square root of one-half, with an approximate value of 0.7071067811865476. | Math |
SQRT2 : Number = 1.4142135623730951 [static] A mathematical constant for the square root of 2, with an approximate value of 1.4142135623730951. | Math |
public static function abs(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns an absolute value for the number specified by the parameter val
.
Parameters val:Number — The number whose absolute value is returned. |
ReturnsNumber — The absolute value of the specified parameter. |
public static function acos(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the arc cosine of the number specified in the parameter val
, in radians.
Parameters val:Number — A number from -1.0 to 1.0. |
ReturnsNumber — The arc cosine of the parameter val . |
public static function asin(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the arc sine for the number specified in the parameter val
, in radians.
Parameters val:Number — A number from -1.0 to 1.0. |
ReturnsNumber — A number between negative pi divided by 2 and positive pi divided by 2. |
public static function atan(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the value, in radians, of the angle whose tangent is specified in the parameter val
. The return value is between negative pi divided by 2 and positive pi divided by 2.
Parameters val:Number — A number that represents the tangent of an angle. |
ReturnsNumber — A number between negative pi divided by 2 and positive pi divided by 2. |
public static function atan2(y:Number, x:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the angle of the point y
/x
in radians, when measured counterclockwise from a circle's x axis (where 0,0 represents the center of the circle). The return value is between positive pi and negative pi. Note that the first parameter to atan2 is always the y coordinate.
Parameters y:Number — The y coordinate of the point. |
x:Number — The x coordinate of the point. |
ReturnsRelated API Elements
Math.acos()
Math.asin()
Math.atan()
Math.cos()
Math.sin()
Math.tan()
public static function ceil(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Returns the ceiling of the specified number or expression. The ceiling of a number is the closest integer that is greater than or equal to the number.
Parameters val:Number — A number or expression. |
ReturnsNumber — An integer that is both closest to, and greater than or equal to, the parameter val . |
Related API Elements
public static function cos(angleRadians:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the cosine of the specified angle in radians. To calculate a radian, see the overview of the Math class.
Parameters angleRadians:Number — A number that represents an angle measured in radians. |
ReturnsNumber — A number from -1.0 to 1.0. |

Related API Elements
Math.acos()
Math.asin()
Math.atan()
Math.atan2()
Math.sin()
Math.tan()
public static function exp(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Returns the value of the base of the natural logarithm (e), to the power of the exponent specified in the parameter x
. The constant Math.E
can provide the value of e.
Parameters val:Number — The exponent; a number or expression. |
ReturnsNumber — e to the power of the parameter val . |
Related API Elements
public static function floor(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Returns the floor of the number or expression specified in the parameter val
. The floor is the closest integer that is less than or equal to the specified number or expression.
Parameters val:Number — A number or expression. |
ReturnsNumber — The integer that is both closest to, and less than or equal to, the parameter val . |
public static function log(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Returns the natural logarithm of the parameter val
.
Parameters val:Number — A number or expression with a value greater than 0. |
ReturnsNumber — The natural logarithm of parameter val . |
public static function max(val1:Number, val2:Number, ... rest):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Evaluates val1
and val2
(or more values) and returns the largest value.
Parameters val1:Number — A number or expression. |
val2:Number — A number or expression. |
...rest — A number or expression. Math.max() can accept multiple arguments. |
ReturnsNumber — The largest of the parameters val1 and val2 (or more values). |
Related API Elements
public static function min(val1:Number, val2:Number, ... rest):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Evaluates val1
and val2
(or more values) and returns the smallest value.
Parameters val1:Number — A number or expression. |
val2:Number — A number or expression. |
...rest — A number or expression. Math.min() can accept multiple arguments. |
ReturnsNumber — The smallest of the parameters val1 and val2 (or more values). |
Related API Elements
public static function pow(base:Number, pow:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns base
to the power of pow
.
Parameters base:Number — A number to be raised by the power of the parameter pow . |
pow:Number — A number specifying the power that the parameter base is raised by. |
ReturnsNumber — The value of base raised to the power of pow . |
public static function random():Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Returns a pseudo-random number n, where 0 <= n < 1. The number returned is calculated in an undisclosed manner, and is 'pseudo-random' because the calculation inevitably contains some element of non-randomness.
ReturnsNumber — A pseudo-random number. |
Related API Elements
public static function round(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Rounds the value of the parameter val
up or down to the nearest integer and returns the value. If val
is equidistant from its two nearest integers (that is, if the number ends in .5), the value is rounded up to the next higher integer.
Parameters val:Number — The number to round. |
ReturnsNumber — The parameter val rounded to the nearest whole number. |
Related API Elements
public static function sin(angleRadians:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the sine of the specified angle in radians. To calculate a radian, see the overview of the Math class.
Parameters angleRadians:Number — A number that represents an angle measured in radians. |
ReturnsNumber — A number; the sine of the specified angle (between -1.0 and 1.0). |
Related API Elements
Math.acos()
Math.asin()
Math.atan()
Math.atan2()
Math.cos()
Math.tan()
public static function sqrt(val:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the square root of the specified number.
Parameters val:Number — A number or expression greater than or equal to 0. |
ReturnsNumber — If the parameter val is greater than or equal to zero, a number; otherwise NaN (not a number). |
public static function tan(angleRadians:Number):Number
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
Computes and returns the tangent of the specified angle. To calculate a radian, see the overview of the Math class.
Parameters angleRadians:Number — A number that represents an angle measured in radians. |
ReturnsNumber — The tangent of the parameter angleRadians . |
Related API Elements
Math.acos()
Math.asin()
Math.atan()
Math.atan2()
Math.cos()
Math.sin()
public static const E:Number = 2.71828182845905
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the base of natural logarithms, expressed as e. The approximate value of eis 2.71828182845905.
public static const LN10:Number = 2.302585092994046
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the natural logarithm of 10, expressed as loge10, with an approximate value of 2.302585092994046.
public static const LN2:Number = 0.6931471805599453
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |

Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the natural logarithm of 2, expressed as loge2, with an approximate value of 0.6931471805599453.
public static const LOG10E:Number = 0.4342944819032518
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the base-10 logarithm of the constant e (Math.E
), expressed as log10e, with an approximate value of 0.4342944819032518.
The Math.log()
method computes the natural logarithm of a number. Multiply the result of Math.log()
by Math.LOG10E
to obtain the base-10 logarithm.
Fact Dash
public static const LOG2E:Number = 1.442695040888963387
Math Flash Cards For Free
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the base-2 logarithm of the constant e, expressed as log2e, with an approximate value of 1.442695040888963387.
The Math.log
method computes the natural logarithm of a number. Multiply the result of Math.log()
by Math.LOG2E
to obtain the base-2 logarithm.
public static const PI:Number = 3.141592653589793
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, expressed as pi, with a value of 3.141592653589793.
public static const SQRT1_2:Number = 0.7071067811865476
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the square root of one-half, with an approximate value of 0.7071067811865476.
public static const SQRT2:Number = 1.4142135623730951
Language Version: | ActionScript 3.0 |
Runtime Versions: | AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4 |
A mathematical constant for the square root of 2, with an approximate value of 1.4142135623730951.
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Thu Dec 6 2018, 01:12 PM -08:00